基于LID措施的海绵城市方案设计研究

Study on Remediation of Petroleum-contaminated Soil by Surfactant Monoglyceride

摘要:

随着我国现阶段经济发展的不断提速，城市化覆盖范围发展到前所未有的规模，区域硬化面积也随之变大。随之而来的是城市透水面积大小被逐渐压缩，从而容易在多雨季节出现城市内涝等灾害，给城市发展和居民生活带来了诸多问题。为了降低城市内涝的严重性、削弱单次洪峰量，降低其带来的各种危害，以深圳市某城市绿化公园为设计实例，利用SWMM软件搭建了该城市绿化公园径流雨水模型，设置了四种LID措施进行方案模拟，并将其与一种综合LID措施方案相对照，分析各方案对该城市绿化公园总体雨水径流量和单次雨水径流洪峰量的影响规律。模拟结果显示：综合LID措施方案的总体雨水径流量削减效果最好、绿色屋顶LID措施方案效果最差，雨水桶LID措施方案效果＜透水铺装LID措施方案效果＜生物滞留池LID措施方案效果；在单次雨水径流洪峰量削减方面，综合LID措施方案的效果同样是最佳，雨水桶LID措施方案效果最差，绿色屋顶LID措施方案效果＜透水铺装LID措施方案效果＜生物滞留池LID措施方案效果。

Abstract:

Aiming at the actual petroleum-contaminated soil, an environmentally friendly surfactant elution method is used for elution treatment in this study. A non-ionic surfactant monoglyceride(MG) is selected to treat the polluted soil. The effects of different dosages, washing temperatures, washing time and solid-liquid ratios on the removal of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) in the soil are investigated. The study results show that the removal rate of TPHs in the soil can reach over 85% when the dosage of surfactant is 10 g/L , the washing temperature is 35℃, the washing time is 60 min, and the solid-to-liquid ratio is 0.1. The addition of inorganic salt can slightly increase the removal rate of TPHs, and the different salts have the different elution effects on the different petroleum components. In excess of the surfactant CMC dosage, with the increase of dosage, the TPHs in the solid phase decreases slightly while the TPHs in the liquid phase increases greatly. This is related to the critical micelle concentration of MG and the adsorption of MG by the soil.