表面活性剂单甘酯修复石油污染土壤的研究

Study on Remediation of Petroleum-contaminated Soil by Surfactant Monoglyceride

摘要:

针对实际石油污染土壤，该研究采用环境友好型表面活性剂淋洗修复的方法进行洗脱处理。选用非离子表面活性剂单甘酯（Monoglycerides，MG）作用于污染土壤，考察了不同投加量、清洗温度、清洗时间以及固液比对土壤中石油烃（TPHs）去除的影响。研究结果表明：表面活性剂投加量10 g/L，清洗温度35℃，清洗时间60 min，固液比0.1时，土壤中TPHs的去除率可达85%以上。无机盐的加入可小幅提高TPHs去除率，不同盐类对不同石油组分的洗脱作用有区别。在超过表面活性剂CMC的投加量下，随着投加量的增加，固相中的TPHs小幅减少但液相中的TPHs大幅增加，这与MG的临界胶束浓度以及土壤对MG本身的吸附有关。

Abstract:

Aiming at the actual petroleum-contaminated soil, an environmentally friendly surfactant elution method is used for elution treatment in this study. A non-ionic surfactant monoglyceride(MG) is selected to treat the polluted soil. The effects of different dosages, washing temperatures, washing time and solid-liquid ratios on the removal of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) in the soil are investigated. The study results show that the removal rate of TPHs in the soil can reach over 85% when the dosage of surfactant is 10 g/L , the washing temperature is 35℃, the washing time is 60 min, and the solid-to-liquid ratio is 0.1. The addition of inorganic salt can slightly increase the removal rate of TPHs, and the different salts have the different elution effects on the different petroleum components. In excess of the surfactant CMC dosage, with the increase of dosage, the TPHs in the solid phase decreases slightly while the TPHs in the liquid phase increases greatly. This is related to the critical micelle concentration of MG and the adsorption of MG by the soil.