基于驾驶行为的城市道路车辆主观换道模型研究

Study on Subjective Lane Changing Model of Urban Road Vehicles Based on Driving Behavior

摘要:

车辆换道行为因其运行环境复杂，所涉及的交通因素众多，容易引起交通冲突，从而降低道路交通系统的安全性。对车辆换道行为的动态特性及其对车流运行的影响机理进行建模与研究，对提高交通系统的运行效率有重要意义。基于城市道路车辆换道行为的特征，改进了元胞自动机模型细化车辆换道过程；考虑驾驶员特性、车辆类型的影响，采用模糊推理理论描述驾驶员的换道决策，进而建立了城市道路驾驶员主观换道模型。通过将实测交通流数据与仿真输出数据进行对比，验证模型的有效性。结果表明，所建立的模型输出结果与实测数据的误差较小，说明模型具有一定的有效性。

Abstract:

The lane changing behavior of vehicles is easy to cause the traffic conflicts because of its complex operating environment and many involved traffic factors so as to reduce the safety of road traffic system. The dynamic properties of land-changing behavior of vehicles and its influence mechanism on the vehicle flow operation are modeled and studied, which has the important significance for improving the operation efficiency of traffic system. Based on the characteristics of urban road vehicle lane changing behavior, the cellular automata model is improved to refine the process of vehicle lane changing. By considering the influences of driver characteristics and vehicle types, the fuzzy reasoning theory is used to describe the lane changing decision of driver, and then the subjective lane changing model of urban road driver is established. By comparing the measured traffic volume data and the simulation output data, the efficiency of the model is verified. The results show that the error between the output of the established model and the measured data is small, and the model is effective to some extent.