高盐难降解有机废水人工湿地处理中填料筛选

摘要:

选取炉渣、铁碳基、钙基膨润土、普通膨润土、生物陶粒、火山岩、沸石、砾石等8 种填料,通过对高盐难降解有机废水中典型污染物的等温吸附试验,优选两种填料进行组合,进一步考察分析填料组合对污染物去除效果。实验结果表明,在高盐难降解有机废水初始TN浓度约为20mg/L,总磷浓度约为5mg/L的条件下,单一炉渣填料对TP和TN的去除率最大,分别达到29.7%和22.6%；炉渣+铁碳基组合填料对总磷、总氮的去除率分别达到31.8%和23.2%,出现“1+1>2”效果；填料对氨氮的去除效果较差,后续搭建人工湿地系统进行动态试验时,需要培养驯化功能性微生物,通过生物作用实现氨氮的去除。

Abstract:

Slag, iron carbon, calcium bentonite, ordinary bentonite, biological ceramsite, volcanic rock, zeolite and gravel were selected as potential substrates in a constructed wetland. Firstly, adsorption isotherm test of eight single substrates was carried out. Then, the substrate combinations were optimized according to adsorption isotherm tests and the removal effect of pollutants were further investigated and analyzed. The results showed that when the initial TN and TP concentration of high salinity and refractory organic wastewater was about 20mg/L and 5mg/L, the removal rates of TP and TN by single slag reached 29.7% and 22.6%, respectively; the removal rates of TP and TN by slag and iron carbon combined substrate was 31.8% and 23.2%, showing the effect of "1+1>2". However, the removal effect of the substrate on ammonia nitrogen was poor. Therefore, it was necessary to cultivate and domesticate functional microorganisms to achieve ammonia nitrogen removal through biological action in the subsequent dynamic test of the constructed wetland system.