基于LCA的沥青路面施工期碳排放模型及特征研究

张兴宇,朱晓东，左贵强，牛凯

摘要:

沥青路面建设产生大量的温室气体排放,是交通领域节能减排的重点。通过分析沥青路面施工期碳排放来源,结合IPCC及CLCD数据库等资料提供的碳排放因子,采用LCA构建沥青路面施工期碳排放计量模型,基于典型路面结构方案得出原材料生产、场外拌和、运输和现场施工阶段碳排放量及特征规律。结果表明：沥青面层施工过程中,原材料生产阶段碳排放量最高,占总排放量的47.52%；混合料拌和阶段次之,占总排放量的44.71%,节能减排措施以采用清洁燃料,提高施工机具生产效率为主。水稳基层/底基层铺筑过程中,碳排放量占比最高同样为原材料生产阶段,高达总量的90%,节能减排措施以选用低碳水泥为主。

Abstract:

By analyzing the sources of carbon emission during the construction period of asphalt pavement, combining the carbon emission factors provided by IPCC and CLCD database and other information, the carbon emission measurement model of asphalt pavement construction period is constructed by LCA, and the carbon emission and characteristic laws of raw material production, off-site mixing, transportation and on-site construction stages are derived based on typical pavement structure schemes. The results show that during the construction of asphalt surface layer, the carbon emission in the raw material production stage is the highest, accounting for 47.52% of the total emission; the mixing stage is the second highest, accounting for 44.71% of the total emission, and the energy saving and emission reduction measures are mainly based on the adoption of clean fuel and improvement of the production efficiency of construction machinery. In the process of water-stabilized base/sub-base paving, the highest carbon emission is also in the raw material production stage, accounting for 90% of the total, and the energy-saving and emission reduction measures are based on the use of low-carbon cement.