城市桥梁典型病害与运营风险管控

摘要:

研究针对城市桥梁运营安全风险问题,开展运营风险点分析和管养决策研究。研究梳理了城市桥梁结构特点,明确了典型城市桥梁结构运营风险和外因风险。通过风险矩阵明确了不同运营风险的危险等级,结合管理决策矩阵,明确了不同管养策略的实施阶段,建立了城市桥梁运营期针对典型风险的中长期处置措施。有如下结论：1)典型的城市桥梁结构风险包括空心板铰缝失效、索结构失效、独柱墩倾覆、双曲拱等老旧桥梁垮塌、预应力体系失效、附属设施连接失效等；2)典型的城市桥梁外因风险包括超载重车、火灾、车船撞、洪涝等；3)可通过风险分析和科学决策,建立系统科学的中长期处置措施,改善结构专项性能,提高桥梁风险管控能力。

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem of urban bridge operation safety risk, carry out operation risk point analysis and management and maintenance decision-making research. The research combs the characteristics of urban bridge structure, and defines the operation risk and external risk of typical urban bridge structure. The risk levels of different operational risks are defined through the risk matrix. Combined with the management decision matrix, the implementation stages of different management and maintenance strategies are defined, and the medium and long-term disposal measures for typical risks during the operation period of urban bridges are established. The conclusions are as follows: 1) typical urban bridge structural risks include hollow slab hinge joint failure, cable structure failure, single column pier overturning, double curvature arch and other old bridge collapse, prestressed system failure and so on; 2) Typical external risks of urban bridges include overloading and heavy vehicles, fire, vehicle ship collision, flood, etc; 3) Through risk analysis and scientific decision-making, systematic and scientific medium and long-term disposal measures can be established to improve the special performance of structures and improve the ability of bridge risk management and control.