表面改性纳米阻燃沥青最佳掺量及其性能表征

Optimal Dosage and Property Characterization of Surface Modified Nano Anti-flaming Asphalt

摘要:

为提高阻燃沥青的存储稳定性及降低其对性能的影响至最小化，选择纳米阻燃材料并对其进行表面处理制备了新型纳米阻燃沥青。通过沥青基本性能（针入度、软化点、延度）及沥青氧指数试验确定了阻燃沥青的最佳掺量7%；随后借用扫描电镜及热分析试验仪器对阻燃剂的阻燃机理及改性特征进行表征。电镜结果表明，对非表面改性阻燃材料与表面改性阻燃沥青的微观结构对比发现经过表面改性的阻燃剂具有更佳的分散特性。而基于SBS改性沥青及其阻燃沥青的热重分析可知，添加阻燃剂可提高SBS改性沥青的热稳定性，添加阻燃剂后的改性沥青成碳量增加，主要是因为阻燃剂有助于沥青燃烧过程中形成致密炭层，阻碍氧气输入及外界能量的进入，隔断气体挥发物的逸出，实现阻燃及抑烟的效果。

Abstract:

In order to improve the storage stability of the anti-flaming asphalt and minimize its impact on the performance, the new Nano anti-flaming asphalt is prepared by selecting Nano anti-flaming materials and its surface treatment. The basic properties (penetration, softening point and ductility) and the oxygen index of asphalt are tested to determine the optimum 7% of anti-flaming asphalt. Then the anti-flaming mechanism and the modification characteristics of flame retardant are characterized by the scanning electron microscope and thermal analysis test instrument. The results of electron microscope show that the microstructures of non-surface-modified anti-flaming materials and surface modified anti-flaming asphalt are compared, and discover that the surface modified flame retardant has the better dispersion characteristics. Based on the thermogravimetric analysis of SBS modified asphalt and its anti-flaming asphalt, it is known that the adding of flame retardant can improve the thermal stability of SBS modified asphalt. The carbon formation of modified asphalt will increase after adding the flame retardant mainly because of that the flame retardants help form the dense carbon layers when asphalt burns, which obstruct the input of oxygen and the entry of external energy, and cut off the escape of gas volatiles. Finally, the effects of anti-flaming and smoke suppression are achieved.