Fabricated technology is a new technology applied in the field of architecture. Fabricated structures can effectively improve the quality of projects and shorten the construction period. According to the research on the application of assembly technology in a solid waste treatment project in Shanghai, the advantages and disadvantages of the assembly technology used in the solid waste projects are expounded, and the impact of prefabrication rate on the costs is analyzed. An assembly structure system suitable for the field of solid waste environmental protection is proposed in combination with the specific projects, which provides reference for similar projects in the future.