复合抑烟沥青的性能与作用机制研究

Study on Performance and Mechanism of Composite Smoke Suppression Asphalt

摘要:

为了研究氢氧化镁与可膨胀石墨复合抑烟沥青的性能和抑烟作用机制，首先采用5%氢氧化镁（MH）与1%可膨胀石墨（EG）复配制备抑烟沥青，试验测出其基本物理性能、抑烟性能，并基于热重试验分析复合抑烟沥青的质量剩余率。而后通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）试验，分析复合抑烟沥青的微观作用机制。试验结果表明：氢氧化镁与可膨胀石墨复配后沥青抑烟率达到18.3%，质量剩余率比基质沥青的提高4.942%，抑烟性能明显提高；氢氧化镁在受热过程中产生的氧化镁（MgO）和可膨胀石墨受热膨胀形成的炭层在基质沥青表面形成了网状结构，提高了沥青的热稳定性，有助于减少沥青烟气的释放，达到了抑烟效果。

Abstract:

In order to study the performance and smoke suppression mechanism of magnesium hydroxide and expandable graphite composite smoke suppression asphalt, 5% Magnesium hydroxide (MH) and 1% expandable graphite (EG) are used to prepare smoke suppression asphalt. Its basic physical properties and smoke suppression performance are tested, and based on thermogravimetric test, the mass redundancy of composite smoke suppression asphalt is analyzed. Then, the microscopic mechanism of composite smoke suppression asphalt is analyzed through the scanning electron microscope (SEM) test. The test results show that the smoke suppression rate of asphalt reaches 18.3% after the MH and EG composite modification, the mass redundancy is 4.942% higher than that of base asphalt and the smoke suppression performance is significantly improved. The magnesium oxide (MgO) produced by MH and the carbon layer by EG in the heating process form a network structure on the surface of the base asphalt, which improves the thermal stability of the asphalt, and helps to reduce the release of asphalt smoke. The smoke suppression effect is achieved.