公路混凝土护栏阻爬坎的仿真研究及应用

Simulation Research and Application of Highway Concrete Barrier Backstop

摘要:

为研究阻爬坎对公路混凝土护栏安全性能的影响，采用了计算机仿真技术和实车足尺碰撞试验对护栏阻爬坎的功能进行分析论证，着重分析了设置阻爬坎和未设置阻爬坎对于新泽西型混凝土护栏及F型混凝土护栏防护功能的影响。结果表明：设置阻爬坎能有效改善新泽西型混凝土护栏的导向功能并防止车辆发生侧翻，同时可对车辆与护栏的直接接触部位（护栏顶部）的强度进行有效增强；而设置阻爬坎对F型混凝土护栏的安全防护性能的提升作用则并不明显。研究为阻爬坎的设置与否提供了重要依据，也为相关标准规范的规定提供了数据支撑。

关键词:混凝土护栏阻爬坎;有限元方法;实车碰撞试验;仿真模型

Abstract:

In order to study the influence of backstop on the safety performance of highway concrete barrier, the computer simulation technology and full-scale real car crash test are used to analyze and demonstrate the function of barrier backstop, especially the effects of backstop and no backstop on the protection function of New Jersey type concrete barrier and F-type concrete barrier. The results show that the installation of backstop can effectively improve the guiding function of the New Jersey concrete barrier and prevent the vehicle from rolling over, and can also effectively strengthen the strength of direct contact position (top of barrier) between vehicle and barrier. However, the installation of backstop has no obvious effect on the improvement of safety protection performance of F-type concrete barrier. An important basis is provided for the installation of backstop, and the data support is provided for the provisions of relevant standards and specifications.

Key words:concrete barrier backstop; finite element method; real car crash test; simulation model