基于 SWMM 精细化建模的 LID 措施径流削减能力量化研究

Quantitative Research on Runoff Reduction Capacity of LID Measures Based on SWMM Refined Modeling

摘要:

城市化进程不断加快使得地表透水面积比例不断缩减，加剧了城市洪涝灾害风险，利用低影响开发（LID，Low-Impact Development）理念对雨洪进行管理，能增强地表对雨水的入渗、储存等能力。基于暴雨洪水管理模型（SWMM，Storm Water Managemant Model），对城市建成区某场地精细化建模，采用绿色屋顶、下沉式绿地及透水铺装这3种LID措施对研究区域进行多形式布设，通过模拟量化了单项LID措施径流削减能力，基于较优布设形式设计了措施组合而成的四种方案，并量化其径流削减能力。结果表明：暴雨重现期越小，径流削减能力越显著；措施面积一定时，多项措施组合方案径流削减能力明显优于单项措施；重现期越小，3种措施均衡布置的方案最优，重现期越大，径流削减能力强的单项措施组合而成的方案最优。

Abstract:

The continuous acceleration of urbanization is reducing the proportion of surface water permeable area, which aggravates the risk of urban flood disaster. The concept of low impact development (LID) is used to manage the rainwater and flood, and can enhance the earth surface ability of infiltration and storage of rainwater. Based on the storm water management model (SWMM), the refined modeling is carried out for a site in urban built-up area. Three LID measures, namely green roof, sunken green space and permeable pavement, are used to lay out the study area in multiple forms. The runoff reduction ability of a single LID measure is quantified through simulation. Based on the optimal layout, four schemes are designed, and the runoff reduction abilities of four schemes are quantified. The results show that the shorter the return period, the more significant the runoff reduction ability is. When the measure area is constant, the runoff reduction ability of multi-measure combination scheme is obviously better than that of single measure. the smaller the return period is, the scheme of balanced arrangement of the three measures is the best. The greater the return period is, the best scheme is the combination of individual measures with strong runoff reduction ability.