基于轻量化荷载试验评估桥梁剩余承载能力

Evaluation of Bridge Residual Bearing Capacity Based on Lightweight Load Testing

摘要:

对桥梁的承载能力检测，目前认为桥梁荷载试验是最直接的方法，但在桥梁荷载试验检测过程中，需要较长时间的交通封闭作业，对车辆与行人的通行会造成一定的影响，且需要的配重较多，会给试验带来较为繁重的外业工作量，而且桥梁荷载试验方法对评估桥梁剩余承载能力是没有理论依据的。通过单辆重车缓慢行驶在桥面，采集相应的截面的参数响应的研究方法，结合有限元模型计算，计算其在单辆重车作用下的加载效率系数和在设计荷载作用下的理论参数值，推算在设计荷载作用下桥梁实际产生的效应参数值，来判定桥梁的设计合理性及施工质量的可靠性，并根据现行设计规范要求，计算其若达到设计规范限值时，需加载的荷载值，该值可作为推算出桥梁剩余承载能力值。

Abstract:

The bridge load test is currently considered as the most direct method to detect the bearing capacity of bridges. However, during the detection process of the bridge load test, the traffic requires to be closed for a long time, which has a certain impact on the traffic of vehicles and pedestrians. And more weight is required, which will bring more heavy field work to the test. and a large amount of counterweight is required, bringing a relatively heavy fieldwork workload to the test. Moreover, the bridge load test method has no theoretical basis for evaluating the residual bearing capacity of the bridge. The research method is to collect the parameter response of the corresponding section through a single heavy vehicle driving slowly on the bridge deck. Combined with the calculation of the finite element model, the loading efficiency coefficient under the action of a single heavy vehicle and the theoretical parameter value under the design load are calculated. The actual effect parameter value of the bridge under the design load is deduced to decide the design rationality of the bridge and the reliability of the construction quality. According to the requirements of the current design specifications, the load value that needs to be loaded is calculated if it reaches the limit of the design specification. This value can be used as the deduced residual bearing capacity value of the bridge.