市政排水标准与水利排涝标准模型衔接方法

Connection Method of Municipal Drainage Standard and Water Conservation Waterlogging Standard Model

摘要:

城市市政基础设施的市政雨水排水标准的制定对象是城市的市政雨水排水管道和城市的市政排水支沟等，市政排水标准制定是针对城区局部的短降雨历时快排标准，其标准表达为降雨重现期。水利行业的排涝标准的制定出发点是针对城乡结合部、乡镇、农村尺度的排涝标准，是城市市政排水系统的下游接纳设施，包含排涝沟渠、田间排水设施、承泄区等。水利排水标准表达尺度包含降雨重现期、降雨历时、涝水排除时间、涝水排除程度，其中，水利降雨重现期与市政降雨重现期存在重现期选样方法、统计资料来源、统计计算方法、地表产流汇流理论的不一致，从而导致二者无法直接进行理论计算的衔接。但是，城市的雨水排水系统需要将市政排水标准的降雨排入水利排涝标准的沟渠或者河道中，如何有效地在计算中衔接二者的标准大小和流量关系是困扰工程技术人员的难题。通过对二者标准的理论梳理，指出两者的区别和适用性，同时通过利用Infoworks ICM模拟验证山西省长治市典型的城郊结合部河道工程，提出长治市市政雨水排水标准和水利排涝标准的对应关系，为类似高原盆地型城市的两标准统一提供参考。

Abstract:

The formulating objects of municipal rainwater drainage standards for urban municipal infrastructures are the municipal rainwater drainage pipeline and municipal drainage subsidiary drain of city. The formulation of municipal drainage standards is a quick discharge standard for short rainfall duration in urban areas. Its standard expression is rainfall recurrence period. The starting point of formulating the waterlogging drainage standards in the water conservancy industry is the standard of waterlogging drainage at the scale of rural-urban continuums, towns and villages, and is the downstream reception facility of the municipal drainage system of the city, including waterlogging drainage channels, farming drainage facilities and discharge areas. The expression scale of water conservation drainage standard contains the rainfall recurrence period, rainfall duration, waterlogging removal time and waterlogging removal degree, in which there are differences in sample selection method, statistical data source, statistical calculation method and surface runoff confluence theory between the water conservancy rainfall recurrence period and the municipal rainfall recurrence period. As a result, the two cannot directly connect with the theoretical calculation. However, the rainwater drainage system of the city is required to discharge the rainfall of municipal drainage standard into the channels or rivers of water conservation waterlogging drainage standard. How to effectively connect the standard size and flow relationship of the two in the calculation is a problem that puzzles the engineering technical personnel. By sorting up the theory of the both standards, the difference and applicability of the two are pointed out. At the same time, the typical river channel projects of suburban area in Changzhi City of Shanxi Province are simulated and verified by the Infoworks ICM. The corresponding relationship between the municipal rainwater drainage standard and the water conservation waterlogging drainage standard of Changzhi City is put forward, which provides the reference for the unification of two standards for the similar plateau basin-type cities.