基于工业机器人的桥梁预制构件智能建造实践

Intelligent Construction Practice of Bridge Prefabricated Components Based on Industrial Robots

摘要:

当前建筑行业面临劳动力短缺与成本上升的双重挑战，传统施工生产模式已难以满足现代化建造的需求。基于装配式桥梁的预制构件在生产过程中的难点和痛点，在环境较好的预制构件厂内引入工业机器人技术，对桥梁预制构件现有的生产工艺进行总结与分析。针对钢筋骨架的生产工艺，基于工业机器人，重点攻克钢筋的加工与装配的数据驱动。基于视觉识别的三维坐标计算、机械臂的自动绑扎或焊接等关键技术，研发了可靠有效的小箱梁顶板钢筋骨架的自动化生产线，提升了工程效率与质量。为桥梁预制构件生产全流程的自动化、智能化改造指明方向。

Abstract:

Under the double challenges of labor shortage and rising costs faced by the current construction industry, it has been difficult for the traditional construction production mode to meet the needs of modern construction. Based on the difficulties and pain points in the production process of prefabricated components of prefabricated bridges, industrial robot technology is introduced in the prefabricated component factory with a better environment, and the existing production processes of bridge prefabricated components are summarized and analyzed. For the production process of the reinforcement framework, based on industrial robots, key technical links such as data-driven processing and assembly of reinforcement, three-dimensional coordinate calculation based on visual recognition, and automatic binding or welding of mechanical arms are the focus to overcome. A reliable and effective automated production line for the reinforcement framework of the top plate of small box girders has been developed to improve engineering efficiency and quality. The direction is clarified for the automated and intelligent transformation of the entire process of bridge prefabricated component production.