道路全生命周期碳排放分析方法及特征规律研究综述

Review on Analysis Methods and Characteristic Law of Life-cycle Carbon Emissions of Roads

摘要:

交通领域碳排放约占全球化石能源碳排放总量的四分之一。我国作为交通大国，交通碳减排工作任务艰巨。为促进生命周期评价方法在道路工程领域的研究与发展，进一步制定有效的减排措施，综合国内外最新研究成果，分析了道路全生命周期碳排放系统的边界划分，确定各阶段的碳排放贡献规律，并给出未来发展方向。结果表明：道路全生命周期通常包括材料生产与运输、施工、运营使用、养护维修和拆除回收5个阶段；材料生产与运输阶段、施工阶段的碳排放量最多，且水泥、沥青和钢材的生产是主要排放来源；运营使用阶段排放不容忽视，且路面平整度、路面反射率和混凝土碳化是主要影响因素。研究结果可为道路工程领域碳排放研究提供更为全面的借鉴，助力“双碳”战略目标实现。

Abstract:

The transportation field accounts for about a quarter of global carbon emissions from fossil fuel. As a major transportation country, China has an arduous task of carbon emission reduction in transportation. In order to promote the research and development of life-cycle assessment method in the field of road engineering, the effective emission reduction measures are further formulated and the latest research results at home and abroad are synthesized. The boundary division of the carbon emission system of the full life cycle of the road is analyzed. The carbon emission contribution law of each stage is determined. And the future development direction is given. The results show that the full life cycle of road usually includes five stages of material production and transportation, construction, operation and use, maintenance and repair, and dismantling and recycling. The production and transportation phase of materials and the construction phase have the most carbon emissions, and the production of cement, asphalt and steel is the main source of emissions. The emission of the operation and use phase should not be neglected, and the pavement smoothness, pavement reflectivity and concrete carbonization are the main influencing factor. The research result can provide a more comprehensive reference for the study of carbon emission in the field of road engineering and help to realize the goal of “double carbon” strategy.