山岭隧道智慧化建设与运维——以重庆市为例

Intelligent Construction, Operation and Maintenance of Mountain Tunnels in Chongqing

摘要:

智慧化技术的引入为解决山岭特殊地质桥隧建设问题提供了新思路。通过将新一代信息技术与隧道工程深度融合，可以实现工程全生命周期的数字化、网络化和智能化管理，通过系统研究重庆市山岭隧道智慧化建设与运维的理论体系和实践路径，分析重庆市特殊的地质环境对隧道工程带来的挑战，包括喀斯特地貌发育、软弱围岩分布广泛、地下水位变化大等特点，构建了包含感知层、传输层、平台层和应用层的智慧隧道四层架构体系。重点研究了BIM+GIS融合建模技术、基于物联网的实时监测系统、人工智能辅助决策等关键技术的应用方法。通过曾家岩隧道、龙洲湾隧道等典型案例，详细阐述了智慧化技术在勘察设计、施工建设和运营维护各阶段的具体应用。研究结果表明，智慧化技术可使隧道施工效率提升30%以上，运维成本降低25%，安全事故发生率减少40%。最后，针对数据孤岛、标准缺失等问题，提出了建立统一数据中台、完善标准体系等对策建议，为西南地区复杂地质条件下的隧道智慧化建设与运维提供了重要参考。

Abstract:

The introduction of intelligent technology provides a new idea for solving the problems of bridge and tunnel construction in the special mountain geology. By deeply integrating new-generation information technology with tunnel engineering, the digital, networked and intelligent management throughout the entire life cycle of the project can be achieved. Through the systematical study on the theoretical system and practical path of intelligent construction, operation and maintenance of mountain tunnels in Chongqing, the challenges brought by the special geological environment to tunnel engineering in Chongqing are analyzed, including the development of karst landform, widespread distribution of weak surrounding rock, and large fluctuations in groundwater level. On this basis, a four-layer architecture system of intelligent tunnels including perception layer, transmission layer, platform layer and application layer is constructed. The application methods of key technologies such as BIM+GIS integrated modeling technology, IoT-based real-time monitoring system, and AI-assisted decision making are emphatically studied. Through the typical cases like Zengjiayan Tunnel and Longzhouwan Tunnel, the specific applications of intelligent technologies in various stages including survey and design, construction, operation and maintenance are elaborated in detail. The research results show that intelligent technologies can improve the tunnel construction efficiency by more than 30%, reduce the operation and maintenance costs by 25%, and decrease the incidence of safety accidents by 40%. Finally, aiming at problems such as data silos and lack of standards, the countermeasures such as establishing a unified data platform and improving standard systems are proposed, which provides the important reference for intelligent construction, operation and maintenance of tunnels under the complex geological conditions in Southwest China.