公路防撞垫安全裕度提升设计方案研究

Study on Safety Margin Improvement Design Scheme of Highway Anti-collision Pad

摘要:

随着交通量增大和运行速度提升，防撞垫安全裕度不足的问题日渐凸显，为了契合国家打造平安交通和品质工程的政策指引，遵循以人为本、安全至上的原则，开展了防撞垫安全裕度提升设计研究。以通过实车足尺碰撞试验验证的防撞垫为对象，利用缓冲吸能优越的泡沫铝材料，采用计算机仿真手段进行方案系统分析，研究提出了安全可靠、普适性强、造价合理及工艺简便的防撞垫安全裕度提升设计方案，并从缓冲指标和防护速度角度对防撞垫安全裕度提升效果进行了验证。研究表明，在防撞垫端部斜撑内填充泡沫铝新材料，可以增大对车辆碰撞能量的吸收，使乘员缓冲指标更小且防护碰撞速度更高，体现了更好的防护效果及更大的防护范围，提高了公路运营安全水平，也对同类防撞垫结构设计与工程应用提供重要支撑。

Abstract:

With the increase of traffic volume and the vehicle speed, the problem of insufficient safety margin of anti-collision pad is becoming more and more obvious. In order to comply with the national policy guidelines to create the safe traffic and quality projects, follow the principle of putting people first and prioritizing safety, the safety margin improvement design of anti-collision pad is studied. Taking the anti-collision pad verified through the full-scale collision test of real vehicles as the object, and using the foam aluminum material with superior buffering and energy absorption, the scheme system analysis is carried out by means of computer simulation. The safety margin improvement design scheme of anti-collision pad is put forward, which is safe and reliable, universal, reasonable in cost and simple in technically, and the safety margin improvement effect of the anti-collision pad is verified from the buffer index and the protection speed. Research shows that filling the diagonal braces at the end of the anti-collision pad with new aluminum foam material can increase the absorption of vehicle collision energy to make the passenger buffer index smaller and the collision protection speed higher, which embodies the better protection effect and larger protection range, improves the highway operation safety level, and also provides the important support for the structural design and engineering application of similar anti-collision pads.