隧道与地下空间拱形预制支护构件力学特性与安全稳定分析

Analysis on Mechanical Properties and Safety Stability of Arched Prefabricated Support Components for Tunnel and Underground Space

摘要:

针对隧道与地下空间拱形预制支护构件进行了力学特性试验与稳定分析研究。通过对比普通混凝土、泡沫混凝土以及泡沫混凝土掺加碳纤维和钢纤维网的预制支护构件，发现掺加纤维能显著提升构件的极限荷载和变形能力。构建了围岩压力计算模型，开发了相关软件，分析了不同施工工法下的围岩压力和安全系数，为设计和施工提供指导。安全稳定分析显示，拱形预制支护构件能显著提高隧道稳定性和安全性。建立安全控制指标和标准，确定合理的支护时机和强度，提出了“强支护、短开挖”和让压支护策略，为隧道工程的安全性和经济性提供了新思路。研究成果不仅为隧道支护设计提供了优化方案，也为提高施工安全性提供了有力的技术支持。

Abstract:

The mechanical property tests and stability analysis studies are conducted on the arched prefabricated support components for tunnels and underground spaces. By comparing the prefabricated support components made of ordinary concrete, foamed concrete, and foamed concrete added with carbon fiber and steel fiber mesh, it is found that fiber addition can significantly enhance the ultimate load-bearing capacity and deformation performance of the components. The surrounding rock pressure calculation model is established, and the specialized software is developed to analyze the surrounding rock pressures and safety factors under different construction methods, providing the guidance for design and construction. The safety stability analysis shows that arched prefabricated support components can substantially improve the stability and safety of the tunnel. The safety control indicators and standards are formulated, the appropriate support timing and strength are determined, and the strategies of “strong support and short excavation” and yield-pressure support are proposed to provide the new ideas for safety and economy of tunnel engineering. The research results provide not only the optimization scheme for tunnel support design, but also the powerful technical support for enhancing the construction safety.