公路与城市道路沥青路面力学差异性研究

Study on Mechanical Differences Between Highway and Urban Road Asphalt Pavements

摘要:

为深入研究公路与城市道路中沥青路面设计方法的力学差异性，通过系统对比两类规范在设计理论、控制指标、荷载标准等方面的本质区别，结合有限元数值模拟与典型案例计算，定量分析了同一路面结构在两种规范体系下的力学响应特性。研究结果表明，城市道路路面引入了更注重面层抗车辙、抗剪切破坏的可靠性设计理论和剪应力控制指标，而以弹性层状体系理论为基础的公路路面则侧重于对整体结构的疲劳性能的控制。研究结论还显示，相同条件下按公路规范计算的路面厚度较城镇道路规范薄10%~15%，这种差异性在重载交通环境下尤为显著。研究为城镇地区公路或城间市政道路路面设计的规范选择提供了理论依据，对促进路面设计理论的完善与发展具有重要意义。

Abstract:

To further study the mechanical differences in asphalt pavement design methods between highways and urban roads, by systematically comparing the fundamental distinctions between the two sets of specifications in terms of design theory, control indicators and loading standards, and combined with the finite element numerical simulations and the typical case calculations, the mechanical responses of the same pavement structure under the two specification systems are quantitatively analyzed. The results show that the reliability design theory and shear stress control index paying more attention to the rutting resistance and anti-shear failure of the surface layer are introduced into the urban road pavements. In contrast, the highway pavement design based on the elastic layered system theory focuses more on controlling the fatigue performance of the overall structure. The findings also reveal that under the same conditions, the pavement thickness calculated according to highway specifications is approximately 10%~15% thinner than that based on urban road specifications. This kind of difference is particularly significant in heavy-duty traffic environments, which provides a theoretical basis for the selection of specifications in the pavement design of highways in urban areas or interurban municipal roads, and has the important significance to promote the perfection and development of pavement design theory.