铁路装配式涵洞接缝与综合防水技术研究

Research on Joint and Comprehensive Waterproofing Technology of Prefabricated Railway Culverts

摘要:

为解决传统现浇铁路涵洞存在的施工周期长、质量管控难、标准化程度低等问题，系统研究了铁路装配式涵洞的接缝处理和综合防水技术；然后基于构件运输、吊装重量和涵洞孔径的核心约束条件，提出了小孔径（1~3 m）涵洞采用整体式、大孔径（4~6 m）涵洞采用分块拼装的构件划分原则，进而提出了一套包含“构件自防水+接缝多道设防+结构外部整体包裹”的综合防水体系；最后通过BIM技术的应用，将装配式涵洞的各个环节紧密联系在一个统一的数字化平台之上。所作研究对提升铁路基础设施建设的工业化水平和设计质量具有重要的实践指导意义。

Abstract:

To address issues such as long construction cycles, difficulty in quality control, and low standardization in traditional cast-in-situ railway culverts, this paper systematically studies the joint technology and comprehensive waterproofing technology of prefabricated railway culverts. Firstly, based on the core constraints of component transportation, hoisting weight, and culvert aperture, it proposes the component division principles and technical routes: integral components for small apertures (1~3 m) and segmented assembly for large apertures (4~6 m). Furthermore, a comprehensive waterproofing system is put forward, which includes component self-waterproofing, multi-layer joint waterproofing and overall external structural wrapping. Finally, the application of BIM technology closely links all aspects of prefabricated culverts on a unified digital platform. This research has important practical guiding significance for improving the industrialization level, efficiency, and quality of railway infrastructure construction.