综合勘察方法在桥梁工程地质评价中的应用研究——以白沙洲长江桥跨青菱立交段特大桥工程为例

Application of Comprehensive Survey Methods in Geological Evaluation of Bridge Engineering: A Case Study of the Baishazhou Yangtze River Bridge Crossing Qingling Interchange Super Major Bridge

摘要:

为解决我国桥梁工程向复杂地质区域延伸时，传统单一勘察手段难以实现地质精准评价的问题，聚焦综合勘察方法的技术体系构建与工程应用研究^［1］。通过集成遥感探测、地球物理勘探、钻探取样、原位测试等多元技术，搭建“空—天—地”一体化综合勘察模式，形成从宏观地质识别到微观参数获取的全维度勘察技术链^［2］。结合岩溶地区桥梁工程实例开展实证分析，结果表明该综合勘察方法能有效提升不良地质体（如溶洞、软弱夹层）的识别精度，实现地质参数的定量表征，显著增强工程风险防控的针对性与有效性^［3］。与传统单一勘察方法相比，该综合勘察体系在岩溶强烈发育区可将不良地质体的空间定位精度提高约30%~50%，实现了地质判识从定性到定量的跨越。构建了“宏观到微观、探测到验证”的多层级技术链，并提出针对岩溶地区的“阶段式、验证式”方法组合应用范式^［4］。

Abstract:

To address the problem that traditional single survey methods are difficult to meet the demand for accurate geological evaluation when China's bridge projects extend to complex geological areas, this paper focuses on the construction of the technical system and engineering application of comprehensive survey methods. By integrating multiple technologies such as remote sensing detection, geophysical exploration, drilling sampling, and in-situ testing, an "air-space-ground" integrated comprehensive survey mode is established, forming a full-dimensional survey technology chain from macro geological identification to micro parameter acquisition. Empirical analysis is carried out in combination with bridge engineering cases in karst areas. The results show that this comprehensive survey method can effectively improve the identification accuracy of unfavorable geological bodies (such as karst caves and weak interlayers), realize the quantitative characterization of geological parameters, and significantly enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of engineering risk prevention and control. Compared with traditional single survey methods, this comprehensive survey system can improve the spatial positioning accuracy of adverse geological bodies by about 30% ~50% in areas with strong karst development, achieving a leap from qualitative to quantitative geological identification. The innovation of this article lies in the construction of a multi-level technology chain from macro to micro, detection to verification, and the proposal of a combination application paradigm of "stage based and verification based" methods for karst areas.