政府购买公共交通服务政策提质增效对策研究——以G市为例

Study on Countermeasures for Quality Improvement and Efficiency Enhancement of Government Purchase of Public Transport Services: A Case Study of City G

摘要:

为引导企业增强自身造血能力，促进城市常规公交高质量发展，系统梳理解读了目前政府购买公共交通服务政策体系，分析了当前政策存在的促进公交企业降本增效引导力度不足、成本监管机制亟待健全、购买公交服务资金使用效率不高、考核体系尚不完善等问题。在此基础上，以G市为实证案例，结合当地公交运营实际痛点，针对性地提出了明确发展目标、明确购买常规公交服务规模和标准、实施公交线路分类管理、完善奖惩考核体系、强化监督管理等优化措施。经测算分析，优化后的政策可有效降低政府财政补贴额度，实现公交服务客流与运营客流强度双提升，为国内同类城市完善政府购买公交服务政策提供借鉴。

Abstract:

To guide enterprises to enhance their self-sustaining capabilities and promote the high-quality development of urban regular public transport, the current policy system for government purchase of public transport services is systematically sorted out and interpreted, and the problems existing in the current policies are analyzed, including insufficient guidance for public transport enterprises to reduce costs and improve efficiency, the urgent need to improve the cost supervision mechanism, the low efficiency in the use of funds for purchasing public transport services, and the imperfect assessment system. On this basis, taking City G as an empirical case and combined with the practical pain points of local public transport operation, the targeted optimization measures such as clarifying the development goals, defining the scale and standards for purchasing regular public transport services, implementing the classified management of public transport lines, improving the reward and punishment assessment system, and strengthening the supervision and management are put forward. The calculation and analysis show that the optimized policies can effectively reduce the amount of government financial subsidies, achieve a dual increase in public transport service passenger flow and operational passenger flow intensity, which provides a reference for similar cities in China to improve their policies for government purchase of public transport services.