蓄水型生态滤池多目标设计优化与工程实践

Multi-objective Design Optimization and Engineering Practice of Storage-type Ecological Filters

摘要:

针对城市初期雨水高污染负荷间歇排放、河道水体低污染负荷持续排放和雨洪调蓄多目标协同难题，以中新南京生态科技岛海绵公园为例，开展蓄水型生态滤池的优化设计研究。采用“沉淀+蓄滞+过滤+净化”工艺和“高位+低位”滤池组合，通过设置多种蓄水深度，最大程度利用池体的蓄滞空间，结合工艺特点构建多工况协同运行模式。运行监测结果表明，蓄水型生态滤池出水水质稳定达到地表准Ⅲ类标准，排水能力由3年一遇提升至10年一遇，年雨水回用量约3万m³。该设计显著提升了生态敏感区的水系统韧性，实现了雨洪调控、水质净化与景观科普的多功能融合，可为类似项目提供技术参考。

Abstract:

Aiming at the multi-objective coordination challenges， such as intermittent discharge of urban initial rainwater with high pollution load， continuous discharge of river water with low pollution load， and rainwater flood regulation and storage， taking the Sponge Park of Sino-Singapore Nanjing Eco-tech Island as an example， the optimization design research is conducted on storage-type ecological filters. The combination of “sedimentation - storage - filtration - purification” process and the “high-level + low-level” filters is adopted. By setting multiple water storage depths， the storage space of the tank is maximized. A multi-condition coordinated operation mode is constructed in combination with the process characteristics. The operation monitoring results show that the effluent quality of the storage-type ecological filters stably meets the Quasi-Class Ⅲ Standards for surface water. The drainage capacity is upgraded from a once-in-3-year standard to a once-in-10-year standard， and the annual rainwater reuse volume is about 30 000 m3. This design significantly improves the water system resilience of the ecologically sensitive area， realizes the multi-functional integration of rainwater flood regulation， water purification and landscape science popularization， which can provide technical reference for similar projects.