城区高速改扩建超危大旧桥安全拆除技术研究

Research on Safe Demolition of Ultra-hazardous and Large Old Bridges in Urban Expressway Reconstruction and Expansion

摘要:

为解决高速公路改扩建工程中超危大旧桥拆除面临的结构复杂、安全风险高、周边环境影响大等技术难题，以粤港澳大湾区某高速公路改扩建互通商业桥拆除工程为研究对象，系统研究其拆除施工技术与安全管控体系。工程采用“三阶段分幅拆除、逆作法施工、动态监测预警”的技术路线，通过绳锯切割、分块吊装、交通导改优化、双重预防机制等关键举措，实现了复杂环境下超危大工程的安全高效拆除。实践表明，该方案有效控制了桥梁变形、高处坠落等核心风险，拆除过程零安全事故，环保指标均满足规范要求，可为同类工程提供技术参考和实践借鉴。

Abstract:

To address the technical challenges posed by demolishing ultra-hazardous large old bridges in expressway reconstruction and expansion projects, including structural complexity, high safety risks and significant environmental impacts, taking the demolition project of the commercial bridge at an interchange of an expressway in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as the research object, its demolition technology and safety management systems are systematically studied. A “three-phase sectional demolition, top-down construction, and dynamic monitoring with early warning” technical approach is adopted in the project. Key measures such as wire-saw cutting, segmented hoisting, optimized traffic diversion and a dual prevention mechanism are taken to achieve the safe and efficient demolition of ultra-hazardous large projects under complex conditions. Practical results demonstrate that this scheme effectively controls the critical risks, including bridge deformation and high-altitude falls. There are no safety accidents during the demolition process, and all environmental protection indicators meet the requirements of the specifications, which can provide technical references and practical lessons for similar projects.