上海城镇污水厂尾水利用现状与发展路径分析

Analysis on Current Situation and Development Path of Tail Water Reuse in Shanghai Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants

摘要:

为破解上海水质型缺水与水资源刚性约束难题，以全市43座城镇污水处理厂为研究对象，系统分析其尾水利用现状并提出发展路径。研究结果显示，上海城镇污水厂已实现100%一级A及以上排放，尾水利用形成“厂内循环、厂外拓展”格局，厂内通过生产补给、景观绿化、水源热泵等实现80.7%的自来水平均替代率；厂外以工业利用为主，辅以生态补水与城市杂用。基于此，构建“技术赋能提标、空间适配布局、场景融合增效”三位一体路径，聚焦工业循环利用、生态补水提质、城市杂用拓展、农业绿色灌溉及能源协同开发等，为上海构建特色污水资源化体系提供支撑，亦为同类沿海城市污水资源化利用提供参考。

Abstract:

To solve the problems of water quality-based water shortage and rigid constraints on water resources in Shanghai, taking 43 urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) as the research objects, the current situation of their tail water reuse is systematically analyzed, and the development paths are proposed. The research result shows that all urban WWTPs in Shanghai have achieved 100% first-level A or above discharge. The reuse of tail water has formed a pattern of “in-plant circulation and out-plant expansion”. In the plants, an average tap water substitution rate of 80.7% is achieved through the production replenishment, landscape greening and water source heat pumps. Outside the plants, it is mainly used for industrial purposes, supplemented by ecological water replenishment and urban miscellaneous uses. Based on this, a three-in-one path of technology empowerment and standard improvement, spatial adaptation and layout, and scene integration and efficiency enhancement is constructed, and the focus is on the industrial recycling, ecological water replenishment and quality improvement, expansion of urban miscellaneous uses, green irrigation in agriculture, and coordinated development of energy, which provides the support for Shanghai to build a characteristic sewage resource utilization system, and also offers a reference for the resource utilization of sewage in similar coastal cities.