城市高架桥梁主要附属设施安全检测分析

Safety Inspection and Analysis on Main Ancillary Facilities of Urban Elevated Bridges

摘要:

针对城市高架桥梁运营中普遍存在“重主体结构、轻附属设施”现象，以某城市高架桥梁为研究对象，对其主要附属设施进行安全检测与评估，旨在发现潜在安全隐患，提升桥梁整体运营安全水平。检测对象包括声屏障、花架、排水系统、龙门架等典型附属设施，采用外观检查、几何尺寸测量、材质状况检测等多种手段，并对外挂花架开展了荷载试验，以检验其在设计荷载作用下的结构响应与承载能力。结果表明：桥梁附属设施存在螺栓松动与缺失、构件锈蚀、焊缝开裂、排水堵塞及局部变形等病害，部分病害已对设施自身稳定性和行车安全构成威胁；荷载试验显示外挂花架在试验荷载下变形及应力虽未超限，但连接节点存在松动迹象，需加强日常巡查与维护。由此建议管养单位转变“重主体、轻附属”的观念，将附属设施纳入常态化检测与养护计划，及时处治病害，确保桥梁运营安全。该检测分析成果可为同类城市高架桥梁附属设施的检测与评估提供技术参考。

Abstract:

In the operation of urban elevated bridges, there is a common phenomenon of “emphasizing the main structure while neglecting ancillary facilities”. Taking an urban elevated bridge as a research object, the safety inspections and evaluations of its main ancillary facilities are conducted in order to identify the potential safety hazards and enhance the overall operational safety level of the bridge. The inspection objects include the typical auxiliary facilities such as sound barriers, flower shelves, drainage systems and gantry frames. Various methods such as visual inspection, geometric dimension measurement and material condition testing are adopted. And a load test is carried out on the externally mounted flower shelves to examine their structural response and load-bearing capacity under design loads. The results show that there are diseases such as loose and missing bolts, rusted components, cracked welds, blocked drainage and local deformation in the ancillary facilities of the bridge. Some diseases have posed a threat to the stability of the facilities themselves and the safety of vehicle operation. The load test reveals that although the deformation and stress of the externally mounted flower shelves do not exceed the limits under the test load, there are signs of loosening at the connection nodes, and it is necessary to strengthen daily inspection and maintenance. It is thus suggested that the management and maintenance units change the concept of “emphasizing the main body while neglecting the subordinate”. The ancillary facilities are incorporated into the regular inspection and maintenance plan and the diseases are treated in a timely manner to ensure the operational safety of the bridge. The findings of this inspection and analysis can serve as a technical reference for the inspection and assessment of auxiliary facilities in similar urban elevated bridges.