西南山地河谷型城市公园低影响开发与海绵城市设计研究

Research on Low-impact Development and Sponge City Design of Mountainous River Valley Type Urban Parks in Southwest China: A Case Study of Baicaoyuan in Guangyuan

摘要:

西南地区多为山地丘陵地带，地形复杂、排水分散、降雨量和用水量季节重合性大等特点；极易增加城市洪涝灾害风险。近年来，海绵城市作为一种城市建设新兴的绿色发展理念，为山地城市提供新的雨洪管控思路。广元市属于西南地区典型的山地城市，以广元市百草园项目为例，结合西南地区气候特点，依托山地城市的特殊地形地貌，系统采用低影响开发设计理念，对水生态、水环境、水安全和水资源进行统筹规划与协调管理，打造成中心城区的重要海绵体。通过低影响开发设施与景观设计有机融合，有效达成径流污染控制、山地雨水调蓄、韧性防涝以及雨水资源充分利用等多重功能，其探索形成的“山地海绵”模式，为其他众多同类型山地城市提供极具价值的建设经验。

Abstract:

The southwest China is predominantly mountainous and hilly, characterized by complex terrain, scattered drainage, and significant seasonal overlap in rainfall and water usage, which greatly increases the risk of urban flooding. In recent years, as an emerging green development concept in urban construction, sponge cities offer new ideas for rainwater and flood control in mountainous cities. Guangyuan City is a typical mountainous city in the southwest China. Taking the Baicaoyuan Project in Guangyuan as an example, combined with the climatic characteristics of the southwest China and relying on the unique topography of mountainous cities, the low-impact development concept is systematically adopted. The overall planning and coordinated management are conducted on the water ecology, water environment, water security and water resources to build an important sponge body of the central urban area. By organically integrating low-impact development facilities with landscape design, the multiple functions such as runoff pollution control, mountain rainwater storage and regulation, resilient flood prevention, and full utilization of rainwater resources can be effectively achieved. Its explored and formed “mountain sponge” model provides highly valuable construction experience for many other similar mountainous cities.