城市密集区圆形竖井建造技术对比研究

Comparative Study on Construction Technology of Circular Shafts in Dense Urban Areas

摘要:

城市密集区传统圆形竖井建造面临场地狭小、环境保护要求高、施工风险大、周边环境扰动敏感等严峻挑战。为应对挑战，工程技术界涌现出数字化微扰动压入式沉井（DMPC）和下沉式竖井掘进工法（VSM）等以机械化、自动化、智能化和绿色化为特征的新技术。与地下连续墙围护、传统沉井工法等工艺相比，新工法具有占用场地小、施工高效、环境友好、造价低等优点。对比分析城市密集区圆形竖井建造工艺的关键技术性能，探讨不同工法的适用场景和技术优势。最后，对上海某工程圆形竖井建造的制约因素、优化过程及优化效果进行了详细分析。相关成果表明，圆形竖井建造工艺选择需要多维度考量，VSM、DMPC等新工法在上海软土地区具有较好的适用性，已初步具备某些场景下的技术优势。

Abstract:

In dense urban areas, the construction of traditional circular shafts faces severe challenges such as small site, high environmental protection requirements, significant construction risks and sensitivity to surrounding environmental disturbances. To address these challenges, the new technologies characterized by mechanization, automation, intelligence and greenness have emerged in the industry, such as the digital micro-perturbation pneumatic caisson (DMPC) and the vertical shaft machine (VSM) sinking method. Compared with the diaphragm wall enclosures, traditional caisson construction methods and other techniques, the new techniques offer the advantages of small site occupation, efficient construction, environmental friendliness and low cost. By comparatively analyzing the key technical performance of the construction process of circular shafts in urban dense areas, the applicable scenarios and technical advantages of different construction methods are explored. Finally, a detailed analysis is conducted on the restrictive factors, optimization process and optimization effect of the construction of circular shafts in a project in Shanghai. The findings indicate that the selection of construction techniques for circular shafts requires multi-dimensional considerations. New construction methods such as VSM and DMPC have good applicability in the soft soil area of Shanghai and have initially demonstrated technical advantages in certain scenarios.