城市易涝点积水成因分析与系统治理对策研究

Analysis on Waterlogging Causes in Urban Flood-Prone Areas and Research on Systematic Governance Countermeasures

摘要:

随着“降雨线”北移，以及城镇化进程的快速推进，城市内涝已成为影响城市安全运行的重要风险因素之一。为解决典型易涝点积水成因诊断不系统、治理路径碎片化的问题，以2025年5月30日西安市东二环工程大学—仁厚庄片区短时强降雨积水事件为研究对象，基于多源数据，开展积水成因诊断与治理对策分析。研究表明，该片区积水是多因素沿2个汇水分区的排水路径叠加放大后形成的结果，汇水分区A的主因是泵站供电中断，导致排水动力丧失约50 min；汇水分区B的主因是跨东二环的连通管道存在隐蔽性通行瓶颈。2个汇水分区形成管网串联、时间耦合的联动致灾机制。据此提出工程措施与运维管理、智慧监测、应急能力提升并重的系统治理路径，并对关键措施的预期效果进行量化估算。

Abstract:

With the northward movement of the “rain line” and the rapid progress of urbanization, urban waterlogging has become an important risk factor affecting the safe operation of cities. In order to solve the issues of unsystematic diagnosis of the causes of water waterlogging in typical flood-prone areas and fragmented governance approaches, taking the short-term heavy rainfall and waterlogging event in the University of Engineering - Renhouzhuang area on the East Second Ring Road of Xi'an City on May 30, 2025 as the research object, based on multi-source data, the diagnosis of the waterlogging causes and the analysis of treatment countermeasures are conducted. The research result shows that the waterlogging in this area is the result of the superposition and amplification of multiple factors along the drainage paths of the two catchment zones. The main reason of catchment zone A is that the power supply of pumping station is interrupted and the drainage power is lost for about 50 min. The main reason of catchment zone B is the hidden bottleneck of the connecting pipeline across the East Second Ring Road. The two zones are in the linkage disaster-causing mechanism of pipe network series and time coupling. Based on this, a system governance path that pays equal attention to engineering measures, operation and maintenance management, intelligent monitoring and emergency capacity improvement is proposed, and the expected effects of key measures are quantitatively estimated.