城市轨道交通设计管理模式对比及适用性探讨

Comparison of Urban Rail Transit Design Management Models and Discussion on Their Applicability

摘要:

为明确城市轨道交通设计总包管理与设计总承包管理模式的适用场景，提升轨道交通设计管理效率与工程建设质量，以济南轨道交通高新东区云巴、8号线、7号线等项目实践为依托，系统对比两种模式的核心异同，结合工程实际分析适配条件。结果表明，两种模式在管理目标、全流程统筹、技术及进度质量管控上具有共性，在合同关系、责任主体、管理权限与业主介入深度上存在显著差异；技术复杂、多院联合、分期建设及业主管理经验不足的项目适配设计总包管理，技术成熟、工期紧张、一体化要求高的项目适配设计总承包管理。最后提出科学选型、数字化赋能等优化建议，为轨道交通项目设计管理模式决策提供实践参考与理论支撑。

Abstract:

To clarify the applicable scenarios of general design management and general design contracting management for urban rail transit and improve design management efficiency and engineering construction quality of rail transit, the core similarities and differences between the two modes are systematically compared based on the practical experience of projects such as the Yunba Line, Line 8 and Line 7 of Jinan Rail Transit in the High-tech East District. Combined with the engineering practices, the adaptability is analyzed. The result shows that two modes are consistent in management objectives, whole-process coordination, and technical, schedule and quality control, but differ significantly in contractual relationship, responsible entity, management authority and owner participation depth. General design management is suitable for projects with complex technology, multi-institute collaboration, phased construction and insufficient owner experience, while general design contracting management fits projects with mature technology, tight schedule and high integration requirements. Optimization suggestions such as scientific model selection and digital empowerment are put forward to provide practical reference and theoretical support for decision-making of design management modes in rail transit projects.