虬江水系防汛泵站放江污染河道水质响应与削减情景分析

Response to Pollution of River Water Quality Caused by Flood Control Pumping Stations Discharging into Qiujiang River System and Analysis on Reduction Scenarios

摘要:

防汛泵站强降雨放江会向受纳河道输入较高污染负荷。以上海市虬江水系为对象，基于2025年6月8日典型大雨（43.0 mm）期间五角场、四平泵站放江水质取样及政本路桥、政修路桥、国定路桥、军工路桥断面的加密监测数据，构建河网水动力—水质模型，比选截流、清管与活水畅流等情景。结果表明：放江初期冲刷显著，氨氮、总磷等峰值远超Ⅴ类限值；上游冲击最快，下游恢复偏慢；汛期劣Ⅴ类天数可由现状25 d经近期截流降至15 d，叠加活水畅流可进一步降至8 d。成果可为虬江水系泵站放江污染削减措施比选与防洪—水环境协同调度提供参考。

Abstract:

Heavy rainfall discharged into rivers by flood control pumping stations will input a relatively high pollution load into the receiving river channels. Taking the Qiujiang River System in Shanghai as an object, based on the water quality sampling from Wujiaochang and Siping Pumping Stations during the typical heavy rainfall (43.0 mm) on June 8, 2025, as well as the encrypted monitoring data from the sections of Zhengben Road and Bridge, Zhengxiu Road and Bridge, Guoding Road and Bridge, and Gongjun Road and Bridge, a hydrodynamic and water quality model of the river network is built to compare the scenarios such as interception, sewer cleaning and smooth running water. Results show that at the initial stage of the river discharge, the scouring is significant, and the peak values of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus far exceed the Class V limit values. The upstream sector is hit the fastest, while the downstream sector recovers relatively slowly. During the flood season, the number of days with with Grade V or worse can be reduced from the current 25 d to 15 d through recent interception, and further reduced to 8 d with the smooth running water. The results can provide a reference for the comparison and selection of pollution reduction measures for pumping stations discharging into the Qiujiang River system and the coordinated scheduling of flood control and water environment.