In order to solve the technical difficulties of making the advanced water exploration predictions in prefabricated shield tunnels, the theoretical research of geophysical field is systematically carried out to demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of various methods. And the experiments are carried out for the segmental lining structure of shield tunnel to improve the advanced water exploration prediction method, which can be used as a reference for the other researchers. The experimental results show that through the improvement of the CFC observation method, the electromagnetic interference caused by the metal machines and tools in the tunnel can be avoided. The water content of the surrounding rock in front of the cutter head of the shield machine is comprehensively predicted.